Superfluid He-3, a two-fluid system, with the normal-fluid dynamics dominated by Andreev reflection

Pickett, George (2014) Superfluid He-3, a two-fluid system, with the normal-fluid dynamics dominated by Andreev reflection. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, 119 (6). pp. 1058-1068. ISSN 1063-7761

Abstract

As a specific offering towards his festschrift, we present a review the various properties of the excitation gas in superfluid He-3, which depend on Andreev reflection. This phenomenon dominates many of the properties of the normal fluid, especially at the lowest temperatures. We outline the ideas behind this dominance and describe a sample of the many experiments in this system which the operation of Andreev reflection has made possible, from temperature measurement, particle detection, vortex imaging to cosmological analogues.