Incretin analogues that have been developed to treat type 2 diabetes hold promise as a novel treatment strategy for Alzheimer's disease

Hölscher, Christian (2010) Incretin analogues that have been developed to treat type 2 diabetes hold promise as a novel treatment strategy for Alzheimer's disease. Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery, 5 (2). pp. 109-117. ISSN 2212-3954

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Abstract

Analogues of the incretins Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) have been developed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. They are protease resistant and have a longer biological half life than the native peptides. Some of these novel analogues can cross the blood-brain barrier, have neuroprotective effects, activate neuronal stem cells in the brain, and can improve cognition. The receptors for GIP and GLP-1 are expressed in neurons, and both GIP and GLP-1 are expressed and released as transmitters by neurons. GIP analogues such as DAla(2)GIP and GLP-1 analogues such as liraglutide enhance synaptic plasticity in the brain and also reverse the betaamyloid induced impairment of synaptic plasticity. In mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, GLP-1 analogues Val(8)GLP-1 and liraglutide prevent memory impairment and the block of synaptic plasticity in the brain. Since two GLP- 1 analogues exendin-4 (Exenatide, Byetta) and liraglutide (Victoza) are already on the market as treatments for Type 2 diabetes, and others are in late stage clinical trials, these drugs show promise as treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Currently, there are three patents covering native GLP-1 and different GLP-1 analogues and one patent for the use of GIP and different GIP analogues for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3000/3002
Subjects:
?? alzheimer diseaseamino acid sequenceanimalsblood-brain barrierdiabetes mellitus, type 2gastric inhibitory polypeptideglucagon-like peptide 1humansincretinsmodels, neurologicalmolecular sequence dataneuroprotective agentspatents as topicdrug discoverypsych ??
ID Code:
69067
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
04 Apr 2014 10:10
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
15 Jul 2024 14:35