The vortex ring nucleation rate due to negative ions travelling near the Landau velocity in He II.

Phillips, A. and McClintock, Peter V. E. (1974) The vortex ring nucleation rate due to negative ions travelling near the Landau velocity in He II. Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics, 7 (7). L118-L122. ISSN 0022-3719

Abstract

Field emission characteristics in He II at temperatures 0.3 < T < 0.8 K and under pressures 10 < P < 25 bar have been used to deduce values of the vortex ring nucleation rate nu in electric fields E of order 3 kV/cm. The values of nu obtained are an order of magnitude larger than those recently determined by Zoll and Schwarz, who employed a completely different technique at the same T and P but with e of order 20 V/cm.