Detection and distribution of insertion sequence 1 (IS1)-containing bacteria in the freshwater environment

Rhodes, Glenn and Saunders, Jon R. and Pickup, Roger W. (2000) Detection and distribution of insertion sequence 1 (IS1)-containing bacteria in the freshwater environment. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 34 (1). pp. 81-90. ISSN 0168-6496

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Abstract

The distribution of insertion sequence 1 (IS1)-containing bacteria was investigated in Windermere (Cumbria, UK), a freshwater body impacted by treated sewage discharge and run-off from the surrounding catchment. Culturable IS1-containing bacteria were recovered from the water column at three depths in Windermere North Basin (WNB) and South Basin (WSB), and from sediment at both sites (at the sediment surface in WSB and to a depth of 12-13 cm in WNB). Polymerase chain reaction amplification of IS1 and the Escherichia coli/Shigella sp. specific gene uidA, from community DNA from shallow sediments, extended the detection limit beyond that of culture at both sites. This detection was extended further into deep sediment extracted from WNB as IS1 and uidA were detected in sub-samples to a depth of 4.7 and 2.3 m, respectively. Analysis of a representative subset of 90 IS1-carrying isolates recovered from water and sediment at both sites demonstrated 21 heterogeneous IS1 profiles with estimated copy numbers ranging from 1 to 16. Identification of the host bacteria showed that the element was confined mainly to Enterobacter spp. However, this study showed IS1 to be present in Citrobacter freundii for the first time. Plasmids were carried by 75.3% of enterobacterial isolates and four plasmids (2.6%) carried IS1. DNA sequence analysis of five IS1 clones demonstrated that IS1 isoforms from this study were similar (>89% nucleotide identity) to known IS1 isoforms. Two isoforms of IS1 from a single Enterobacter cloacae isolate differed by 6.7% at the nucleotide level suggesting that they had been acquired independently. Copyright (C) 2000 Federation of European Microbiological Societies.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2400/2404
Subjects:
?? distributionfreshwaterinsertion sequence 1mutationsedimentmicrobiologyecologyapplied microbiology and biotechnology ??
ID Code:
208881
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
01 Nov 2023 15:05
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
16 Jul 2024 00:28