Sociodemographic disparities in non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and the transition to type 2 diabetes: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Chatzi, G. and Mason, T. and Chandola, T. and Whittaker, W. and Howarth, E. and Cotterill, S. and Ravindrarajah, R. and McManus, E. and Bower, P. (2020) Sociodemographic disparities in non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and the transition to type 2 diabetes: evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Diabetic Medicine, 37 (9). pp. 1536-1544. ISSN 0742-3071

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Abstract

Aim: To explore whether there are social inequalities in non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) and in transitions to type 2 diabetes mellitus and NDH low-risk status in England. Methods: Some 9143 men and women aged over 50 years were analysed from waves 2, 4, 6 and 8 (2004–2016) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Participants were categorized as: NDH ‘low-risk’ [HbA 1c < 42 mmol/mol (< 6.0%)], NDH [HbA 1c 42–47 mmol/mol (6.0–6.4%)] and type 2 diabetes [HbA 1c > 47 mmol/mol (> 6.4%)]. Logistic regression models estimated the association between sociodemographic characteristics and NDH, and the transitions from NDH to diagnosed or undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and low-risk status in future waves. Results: NDH was more prevalent in older participants, those reporting a disability, those living in deprived areas and in more disadvantaged social classes. Older participants with NDH were less likely to progress to undiagnosed type 2 diabetes [odds ratio (OR) 0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08, 0.96]. NDH individuals with limiting long-standing illness (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.16, 2.53), who were economically inactive (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.02, 2.51) or from disadvantaged social classes (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.02, 2.61) were more likely to progress to type 2 diabetes. Socially disadvantaged individuals were less likely (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41, 0.98) to progress to NDH low-risk status. Conclusions: There were socio-economic differences in NDH prevalence, transition to type 2 diabetes and transition to NDH low-risk status. Disparities in transitions included the greater likelihood of disadvantaged social groups with NDH developing type 2 diabetes and greater likelihood of advantaged social groups with NDH becoming low-risk. These socio-economic differences should be taken into account when targeting prevention initiatives.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Diabetic Medicine
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2724
Subjects:
?? internal medicineendocrinology, diabetes and metabolismendocrinology ??
ID Code:
180994
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
05 Jan 2023 16:45
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
15 Jul 2024 23:21