Kamal Kamarulzaman, M. and Hisham, S. and Kadirgama, K. and Ramasamy, D. and Samykano, M. and Saidur, R. and Yusaf, T. (2023) Improving the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose-copper (II) oxide (CNC-CuO) as a lubricant additives:A novel nanolubricant for tribology application. Fuel, 332 (2). ISSN 0016-2361
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Abstract
The primary objective of the present analysis is to investigate the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanocellulose and copper (II) oxide nanoparticles added to engine oil as a lubricant for piston ring-cylinder liner application. Kinematic viscosity, viscosity index (VI) and dynamic viscosity have been performed for measurement of properties at varying temperatures (ranging from 30 °C to 90 °C) and different concentrations (ranging from 0.1 % to 0.9 % volume concentration). Thermal characteristics have been measured using similar temperatures and concentrations to determine thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. In the results, as the concentration of the CNC-CuO nanoparticle increases, the VI also increases. This proves the combination of CNC-CuO particles with engine oil improves the lubricity of the base oil concerning its viscosity by 44.3 %-47.12 %. The lowest and highest improvements in the dynamic viscosity were 1.34 % and 74.81 %. The highest increment of thermal conductivity ratio for the selected nanolubricant was 1.80566 % in the solid concentration of 0.1 % at 90 °C. The specific heat capacity of nanolubricant tends to reduce slightly with an increase in temperature. Overall, the addition of CNC-CuO nanoparticle in the engine improved thermophysical properties behaviour's performance at 0.5 % concentration. The results can benefit the heat transfer application, especially tribological.