Applying methods for personalized medicine to the treatment of alcohol use disorder

Kuhlemeier, Alena and Desai, Yasin and Tonigan, Alexandra and Witkiewitz, Katie and Jaki, Thomas and Hsiao, Yu-Yu and Chang, Chi and Van Horn, M. Lee (2021) Applying methods for personalized medicine to the treatment of alcohol use disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 89 (4). pp. 288-300. ISSN 0022-006X

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Abstract

Objective: Numerous behavioral treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) are effective, but there are substantial individual differences in treatment response. This study examines the potential use of new methods for personalized medicine to test for individual differences in the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) versus motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and to provide predictions of which will work best for individuals with AUD. We highlight both the potential contribution and the limitations of these methods. Method: We performed secondary analyses of abstinence among 1,144 participants with AUD participating in either outpatient or aftercare treatment who were randomized to receive either CBT or MET in Project MATCH. We first obtained predicted individual treatment effects (PITEs), as a function of 19 baseline client characteristics identified a priori by MATCH investigators. Then, we tested for the significance of individual differences and examined the predicted individual differences in abstinence 1 year following treatment. Predictive intervals were estimated for each individual to determine if they were 80% more likely to achieve abstinence in one treatment versus the other. Results: Results indicated that individual differences in the likelihood of abstinence at 1 year following treatment were significant for those in the outpatient sample, but not for those in the aftercare sample. Individual predictive intervals showed that 37% had a better chance of abstinence with CBT than MET, and 16% had a better chance of abstinence with MET. Obtaining predictions for a new individual is demonstrated. Conclusions: Personalized medicine methods, and PITE in particular, have the potential to identify individuals most likely to benefit from one versus another intervention. New personalized medicine methods play an important role in putting together differential effects due to previously identified variables into one prediction designed to be useful to clinicians and clients choosing between treatment options.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Additional Information:
©American Psychological Association,2021. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission. The final article is available, upon publication, at: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2021-46305-004?doi=1
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3200/3203
Subjects:
?? psychiatry and mental healthclinical psychologyclinical psychologypsychiatry and mental health ??
ID Code:
167791
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
21 Mar 2022 14:35
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
17 Feb 2024 01:18