Barnes, P. W. and Robson, T. M. and Neale, P. J. and Williamson, C. E. and Zepp, R. G. and Madronich, S. and Wilson, S. R. and Andrady, A. L. and Heikkilä, A. M. and Bernhard, G. H. and Bais, A. F. and Neale, R. E. and Bornman, J. F. and Jansen, M. A. K. and Klekociuk, A. R. and Martinez-Abaigar, J. and Robinson, S. A. and Wang, Q.-W. and Banaszak, A. T. and Häder, D.-P. and Hylander, S. and Rose, K. C. and Wängberg, S.-Å. and Foereid, B. and Hou, W.-C. and Ossola, R. and Paul, N. D. and Ukpebor, J. E. and Andersen, M. P. S. and Longstreth, J. and Schikowski, T. and Solomon, K. R. and Sulzberger, B. and Bruckman, L. S. and Pandey, K. K. and White, C. C. and Zhu, L. and Zhu, M. and Aucamp, P. J. and Liley, J. B. and McKenzie, R. L. and Berwick, M. and Byrne, S. N. and Hollestein, L. M. and Lucas, R. M. and Olsen, C. M. and Rhodes, L. E. and Yazar, S. and Young, A. R. (2022) Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change:UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2021. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 21 (2). pp. 275-301. ISSN 1474-905X
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel of the Montreal Protocol under the United Nations Environment Programme evaluates effects on the environment and human health that arise from changes in the stratospheric ozone layer and concomitant variations in ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the Earth’s surface. The current update is based on scientific advances that have accumulated since our last assessment (Photochem and Photobiol Sci 20(1):1–67, 2021). We also discuss how climate change affects stratospheric ozone depletion and ultraviolet radiation, and how stratospheric ozone depletion affects climate change. The resulting interlinking effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change are assessed in terms of air quality, carbon sinks, ecosystems, human health, and natural and synthetic materials. We further highlight potential impacts on the biosphere from extreme climate events that are occurring with increasing frequency as a consequence of climate change. These and other interactive effects are examined with respect to the benefits that the Montreal Protocol and its Amendments are providing to life on Earth by controlling the production of various substances that contribute to both stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change.