Biomimetic biphasic curdlan-based scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering applications : Characterization and preliminary evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell response in vitro

Klimek, Katarzyna and Benko, Aleksandra and Vandrovcová, Marta and Travnickova, Martina and Douglas, Timothy and Tarczynska, Marta and Broz, Antonin and Gaweda, Krzysztof and Ginalska, Grazyna and Bacakova, Lucie (2022) Biomimetic biphasic curdlan-based scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering applications : Characterization and preliminary evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell response in vitro. Biomaterials Advances, 135: 212724.

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Abstract

Osteochondral defects remain a huge problem in medicine today. Biomimetic bi- or multi-phasic scaffolds constitute a very promising alternative to osteochondral autografts and allografts. In this study, a new curdlanbased scaffold was designed for osteochondral tissue engineering applications. To achieve biomimetic properties, it was enriched with a protein component – whey protein isolate as well as a ceramic ingredient – hydroxyapatite granules. The scaffold was fabricated via a simple and cost-efficient method, which represents a significant advantage. Importantly, this technique allowed generation of a scaffold with two distinct, but integrated phases. Scanning electron microcopy and optical profilometry observations demonstrated that phases of biomaterial possessed different structural properties. The top layer of the biomaterial (mimicking the cartilage) was smoother than the bottom one (mimicking the subchondral bone), which is beneficial from a biological point of view because unlike bone, cartilage is a smooth tissue. Moreover, mechanical testing showed that the top layer of the biomaterial had mechanical properties close to those of natural cartilage. Although the mechanical properties of the bottom layer of scaffold were lower than those of the subchondral bone, it was still higher than in many analogous systems. Most importantly, cell culture experiments indicated that the biomaterial possessed high cytocompatibility towards adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Both phases of the scaffold enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells (revealing its chondroinductive properties in vitro) as well as osteogenic differentiation of these cells (revealing its osteoinductive properties in vitro). Given all features of the novel curdlan-based scaffold, it is worth noting that it may be considered as promising candidate for osteochondral tissue engineering applications.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Biomaterials Advances
Additional Information:
This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Biomaterials Advances. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Biomaterials Advances, 135, 212724, 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212724
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2200/2211
Subjects:
?? β-1,3-glucanbiphasic scaffoldosteochondral defectsregenerative medicinestem cellstissue engineeringmechanics of materialsgeneral materials sciencemechanical engineeringcondensed matter physics ??
ID Code:
166461
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
22 Feb 2022 10:30
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
07 Aug 2024 00:25