Distribution, behaviour, bioavailability and remediation of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in solid biowastes and biowaste-treated soil

Bolan, N. and Sarkar, B. and Vithanage, M. and Singh, G. and Tsang, D.C.W. and Mukhopadhyay, R. and Ramadass, K. and Vinu, A. and Sun, Y. and Ramanayaka, S. and Hoang, S.A. and Yan, Y. and Li, Y. and Rinklebe, J. and Li, H. and Kirkham, M.B. (2021) Distribution, behaviour, bioavailability and remediation of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in solid biowastes and biowaste-treated soil. Environment International, 155: 106600. ISSN 0160-4120

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Abstract

Aqueous film-forming foam, used in firefighting, and biowastes, including biosolids, animal and poultry manures, and composts, provide a major source of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) input to soil. Large amounts of biowastes are added to soil as a source of nutrients and carbon. They also are added as soil amendments to improve soil health and crop productivity. Plant uptake of PFAS through soil application of biowastes is a pathway for animal and human exposure to PFAS. The complexity of PFAS mixtures, and their chemical and thermal stability, make remediation of PFAS in both solid and aqueous matrices challenging. Remediation of PFAS in biowastes, as well as soils treated with these biowastes, can be achieved through preventing and decreasing the concentration of PFAS in biowaste sources (i.e., prevention through source control), mobilization of PFAS in contaminated soil and subsequent removal through leaching (i.e., soil washing) and plant uptake (i.e., phytoremediation), sorption of PFAS, thereby decreasing their mobility and bioavailability (i.e., immobilization), and complete removal through thermal and chemical oxidation (i.e., destruction). In this review, the distribution, bioavailability, and remediation of PFAS in soil receiving solid biowastes, which include biosolids, composts, and manure, are presented.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Environment International
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2300
Subjects:
?? aqueous firefighting foambiosolidsbiowastescompostmanuresoil remediationgeneral environmental scienceenvironmental science(all) ??
ID Code:
155124
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
20 May 2021 16:50
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
16 Jul 2024 11:38