The Generation of ULF/ELF/VLF Waves in the Ionosphere by Modulated Heating

Guo, Zhe and Fang, Hanxian and Honary, Farideh (2021) The Generation of ULF/ELF/VLF Waves in the Ionosphere by Modulated Heating. Universe, 7 (29).

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7020029

Abstract

One of the most important effects of ionospheric modification by high power, high frequency (HF) waves is the generation of ultra low frequency/extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ULF/ELF/VLF) waves by modulated heating. This paper reviews the scientific achievements of the past five decades regarding the main mechanisms of excitation of ULF/ELF/VLF waves and discusses their characteristics, such as their electrojet dependency, the location of the source region, continuous and discontinuous waves, the number of HF arrays, and the suitable range of the modulation frequency for different proposed mechanisms. Finally, the outlook for future research in this area is presented.

Item Type:

Journal Article

Journal or Publication Title:

Universe

Subjects:

?? VLF WAVESPOWERFUL HF WAVESIONOSPHERIC HEATING ??

Departments:

Faculty of Science and Technology > Physics

ID Code:

151249

Deposited By:

ep_importer_pure

Deposited On:

09 Feb 2021 16:05

Refereed?:

Yes

Published?:

Published

Last Modified:

28 Sep 2023 00:30

URI:

https://eprints-dev.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/151249