Effects of phenotypic plasticity on pathogen transmission to the field in a Lepidoptera-NPV system.

Reeson, A. F. and Wilson, Kenneth and Cory, Jenny S. and Hankard, P. and Weeks, J. M. and Goulson, D. and Hails, R. S. (2000) Effects of phenotypic plasticity on pathogen transmission to the field in a Lepidoptera-NPV system. Oecologia, 124 (3). pp. 373-380. ISSN 0029-8549

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Abstract

In models of insect–pathogen interactions, the transmission parameter (ν) is the term that describes the efficiency with which pathogens are transmitted between hosts. There are two components to the transmission parameter, namely the rate at which the host encounters pathogens (contact rate) and the rate at which contact between host and pathogen results in infection (host susceptibility). Here it is shown that in larvae of Spodoptera exempta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in which rearing density triggers the expression of one of two alternative phenotypes, the high-density morph is associated with an increase in larval activity. This response is likely to result in an increase in the contact rate between hosts and pathogens. Rearing density is also known to affect susceptibility of S. exempta to pathogens, with the high-density morph showing increased resistance to a baculovirus. In order to determine whether density-dependent differences observed in the laboratory might affect transmission in the wild, a field trial was carried out to estimate the transmission parameter for S. exempta and its nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV). The transmission parameter was found to be significantly higher among larvae reared in isolation than among those reared in crowds. Models of insect–pathogen interactions, in which the transmission parameter is assumed to be constant, will therefore not fully describe the S. exempta-NPV system. The finding that crowding can influence transmission in this way has major implications for both the long-term population dynamics and the invasion dynamics of insect–pathogen systems.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Oecologia
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1105
Subjects:
?? transmission - mass action assumption - phase polyphenism - spodoptera exempta - baculovirusesecology, evolution, behavior and systematicsqh301 biology ??
ID Code:
9018
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
21 May 2008 13:07
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
15 Jul 2024 11:35