Generating feature spaces for linear algorithms with regularized sparse kernel slow feature analysis

Böhmer, Wendelin and Grunewalder, Steffen and Nickisch, Hannes and Obermayer, Klaus (2012) Generating feature spaces for linear algorithms with regularized sparse kernel slow feature analysis. Machine Learning, 89 (1). pp. 67-86. ISSN 1573-0565

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Abstract

Without non-linear basis functions many problems can not be solved by linear algorithms. This article proposes a method to automatically construct such basis functions with slow feature analysis (SFA). Non-linear optimization of this unsupervised learning method generates an orthogonal basis on the unknown latent space for a given time series. In contrast to methods like PCA, SFA is thus well suited for techniques that make direct use of the latent space. Real-world time series can be complex, and current SFA algorithms are either not powerful enough or tend to over-fit. We make use of the kernel trick in combination with sparsification to develop a kernelized SFA algorithm which provides a powerful function class for large data sets. Sparsity is achieved by a novel matching pursuit approach that can be applied to other tasks as well. For small data sets, however, the kernel SFA approach leads to over-fitting and numerical instabilities. To enforce a stable solution, we introduce regularization to the SFA objective. We hypothesize that our algorithm generates a feature space that resembles a Fourier basis in the unknown space of latent variables underlying a given real-world time series. We evaluate this hypothesis at the example of a vowel classification task in comparison to sparse kernel PCA. Our results show excellent classification accuracy and demonstrate the superiority of kernel SFA over kernel PCA in encoding latent variables.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Machine Learning
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1700/1702
Subjects:
?? time serieslatent variablesunsupervised learningslow feature analysissparse kernel methodslinear classificationartificial intelligencesoftware ??
ID Code:
76780
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
23 Nov 2015 10:26
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
15 Jul 2024 15:36