Occurrence, finger printing and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Chenab River, Pakistan

Farooq, Samiya and Ali-Musstjab-Akber-Shah Eqani, Syed and Malik, Riffat Naseem and Katsoyiannis, Athanasios and Zhang, Gan and Zhang, Yanlin and Li, Jun and Xiang, Liu and Jones, Kevin C. and Shinwari, Zabta Khan (2011) Occurrence, finger printing and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Chenab River, Pakistan. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 13 (11). pp. 3207-3215. ISSN 1464-0325

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Abstract

Seventeen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied in surface waters (including particulate phase) from the Chenab River, Pakistan and ranged from 289-994 and 437-1290 ng l-1 in summer and winter (2007-09), respectively. Concentrations for different ring-number PAHs followed the trend: 3-rings > 2-rings > 4-rings > 5-rings > 6-rings. The possible sources of PAHs are identified by calculating the indicative ratios; appropriating petrogenic sources of PAHs in urban and sub-urban regions with pyrogenic sources in agricultural region. Factor analysis based on principal component analysis identified the origins of PAHs from industrial activities, coal and trash burning in agricultural areas and municipal waste disposal from surrounding urban and sub-urban areas via open drains into the riverine ecosystem. Water quality guidelines and toxic equivalent factors highlighted the potential risk of low molecular weight PAHs to the aquatic life of the Chenab River. The flux estimated for PAHs contaminants from the Chenab River to the Indus River was >50 tons/year.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/environmentalscience
Subjects:
?? environmental sciencepublic health, environmental and occupational healthmanagement, monitoring, policy and lawge environmental sciences ??
ID Code:
53519
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
17 Apr 2012 15:50
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
15 Jul 2024 12:44