Structural Model Decomposition-Based Distributed Monitoring for Early Instability Detection in Inverter-Dominated Microgrids

Nasr Esfahani, Fatemeh and Suri, Neeraj and Wu, Yueqi and Galeela, Mohamed and Ma, Xiandong (2026) Structural Model Decomposition-Based Distributed Monitoring for Early Instability Detection in Inverter-Dominated Microgrids. In: ISIE 2026 - IEEE 35th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics :. IEEE, JPN. (In Press)

Text (ISIE_2026)
ISIE_2026_revised_1_.pdf - Accepted Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
Download (1MB)

Abstract

The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) is driving power systems toward inverter-dominated operation, where reduced inertia and stronger inter-device coupling require improved real-time monitoring. This paper presents a distributed monitoring framework for inverter-dominated microgrids based on structural model decomposition (SMD). The network is decomposed into interacting subsystems connected through explicit boundary variables, from which measurable residual signals are constructed. A normalised residual energy metric combined with a gated cumulative sum (CUSUM) detector is used to identify sustained structural inconsistencies using only boundary measurements, without observer design or internal state reconstruction. The method is evaluated under benign load disturbances and droop-law parameter modifications in a three-inverter islanded microgrid. Simulation results show that the proposed framework distinguishes normal transient behaviour from structural regime changes and provides early awareness of altered inter-inverter coupling before large voltage deviations occur.