Yan, Yinglong and Yue, Jun and Xia, Shaobo and Sun, Hanmeng and Ying, Tianxu and Wu, Chengcheng and Lan, Sifan and He, Min and Ghamisi, Pedram and Fang, Leyuan (2026) UniVector : Unified Vector Extraction via Instance-Geometry Interaction. Fundamental Research. ISSN 2667-3258 (In Press)
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Vector extraction (VE) retrieves structured vector geometry from raster images, offering high-fidelity representation and broad applicability. Existing methods, however, are usually tailored to a single vector type (e.g., polygons, polylines, line segments), requiring separate models for different structures. This stems from treating instance attributes (category, structure) and geometric attributes (point coordinates, connections) independently, limiting the ability to capture complex structures. Inspired by the human brain’s simultaneous use of semantic and spatial interactions in visual perception, we propose UniVector, a unified VE framework that leverages instance—geometry interaction to extract multiple vector types within a single model. UniVector encodes vectors as structured queries containing both instance- and geometry-level information, and iteratively updates them through an interaction module for cross-level context exchange. A dynamic shape constraint further refines global structures and key points. To benchmark multi-structure scenarios, we introduce the Multi-Vector dataset with diverse polygons, polylines, and line segments. Experiments show UniVector sets a new state of the art on both single- and multi-structure VE tasks. Code and dataset will be released at https://github.com/yyyyll0ss/UniVector.