K-shell X-ray intensity ratios : Compilation of experimental data, semi-empirical modeling, and MCDF calculations for 13 ≤ Z ≤ 99

Hamidani, A. and Kahoul, A. and Zidi, A. and Marques, J.P. and Daoudi, S. and Parente, F. and Sampaio, J.M. and Croft, S. and Favalli, A. and Kasri, Y. and Aylikci, V. and Amari, K. and Berkani, B. and Meddah, S. (2026) K-shell X-ray intensity ratios : Compilation of experimental data, semi-empirical modeling, and MCDF calculations for 13 ≤ Z ≤ 99. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, 169: 101795. ISSN 0092-640X

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Abstract

In the present study, we undertook a comprehensive compilation and critical reassessment of >740 reported measurements spanning over five decades, concerning six K-shell X-ray intensity ratios: K α 2 / K α 1 , K β 1 ′ / K α 1 , K β 2 / K α 1 , K β ′ 2 / K α 1 , K β 2 ′ / K β 1 ′ , and K β 3 / K β 1 , for elements with atomic numbers in the range Z = 13 (Al) and Z = 99 (Es). The collected data were systematically organized in tabular form, and for each element, weighted mean values were derived, thereby establishing a sturdier baseline for cross-comparison throughout the dataset. Based on these weighted values, semi-empirical trends were delineated by fitting polynomial functions as a function of the atomic number. Complementing this survey of experimental results, we performed 93 additional calculations employing the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) method, explicitly incorporating relativistic effects. Standard deviations were represented graphically, enabling the identification of global trends while simultaneously highlighting anomalous data points that may warrant re-measurement. Among the investigated ratios, Kα₂/Kα₁ and Kβ₃/Kβ₁ exhibited the most consistent behavior across the elemental sequence. Conversely, Kβ₂/Kα₁ displayed significant dispersion at higher atomic numbers, most plausibly attributable to instrumental constraints such as spectral line overlap. The remaining ratios occupied an intermediate position, with discrepancies often traceable to a limited number of individual studies. Overall, this work provides a renewed perspective on K-shell X-ray intensity ratios. By integrating an extensive review of prior measurements with semi-empirical adjustments and newly generated MCDF calculations, we establish a consolidated reference set intended to support future experimental applications and theoretical developments in atomic physics.