Verifiable Aggregation for Heterogeneous Decentralized Identity in Internet of Things

Ding, Kai and Xie, Tianxiu and Gai, Keke and Yu, Jing and Guo, Chennan and Fang, Zhengkang and Zhu, Liehuang and Meng, Weizhi (2025) Verifiable Aggregation for Heterogeneous Decentralized Identity in Internet of Things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal. ISSN 2327-4662

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Abstract

Blockchain-based Decentralized Identity (DID) typically employs identity aggregation techniques to support efficient and trustworthy identity authentication in order to meet the requirements of the high volume of service requests in Internet of Things (IoT). Due to the lack of effective mechanisms for heterogeneous DID aggregation, a complete aggregated identity authentication often requires multiple rounds of signature verification for different identity attributes. However, this setting brings trust and privacy issues, and one notable threat is the potential disclosure of secret identity information through the linkage of heterogeneous identity attributes when enormous IoT devices/accesses are involved. In this paper, we focus on trustworthy authentication of decentralized identity and propose a novel Anonymous Verifiable Credential-based Aggregation for heterogeneous Decentralized Identity (AVCA-hDID). Our AVCAhDID model supports anonymous ownership verification of DIDs through label randomization, thereby effectively safeguarding identity privacy in IoT. AVCA-hDID involves identifier aggregation and attribute aggregation for heterogeneous DIDs, ensuring both authentication efficiency and balancing trustworthiness and adoptability. We analyze the security and unlinkable of our proposed model and further experiment evaluation demonstrates the efficiency and robustness of AVCA-hDID within a blockchain system.