A millimeter-wave end-fire dual-polarized array antenna with symmetrical radiation patterns and high isolation

Yu, P. and Wei, C. and Sun, L. and Ji, Z. and Yu, F. and Cheng, Y.-F. and Wang, L. (2025) A millimeter-wave end-fire dual-polarized array antenna with symmetrical radiation patterns and high isolation. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies.

Text (A Millimeter-Wave End-Fire Dual-Polarized Array Antenna with Symmetrical Radiation Patterns and High Isolation (2025-4-4 final version))
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Abstract

This paper presents a millimeter-wave end-fire dual-polarized (DP) array antenna with symmetrical radiation patterns and high isolation. The DP radiation element is formed by integrating a quasi-Yagi antenna (providing horizontal polarization) into a pyramidal horn antenna (providing vertical polarization), resulting in a DP radiation element with a symmetrical radiation aperture. To efficiently feed the DP element while maintaining high isolation, a mode-composite full-corporate-feed network is employed, comprising substrate-integrated waveguide supporting the TE10 mode and substrate-integrated coaxial line supporting the TEM mode. This design eliminates the need for additional transition structures, achieving excellent mode isolation and a reduced substrate layer number. A 1 × 4-element DP array prototype operating at 26.5–29.5 GHz using low temperature co-fired ceramic technology was designed, fabricated, and measured. The test results indicate that the prototype achieves an average gain exceeding 10 dBi for both polarizations within the operating band. Thanks to the symmetrical DP radiation element and mode-composite full-corporate-feed network, symmetrical radiation patterns for both polarizations are observed in both the horizontal and vertical planes, along with a high cross-polarization discrimination of 22 dB and polarization port isolation of 35 dB.