Socially beneficial metaverse : Framework, technologies, applications, and challenges

Xu, Xiaolong and Zhou, Xuanhong and Bilal, Muhammad and Zeadally, Sherali and Crowcroft, Jon and Qi, Lianyong and Xue, Shengjun (2025) Socially beneficial metaverse : Framework, technologies, applications, and challenges. Computer Networks: 111198. ISSN 1389-1286 (In Press)

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Abstract

In recent years, the maturation of emerging technologies such as Virtual Reality, Digital Twins and Blockchain has accelerated the realization of the metaverse. As a virtual world independent of the real world, the metaverse will provide users with a variety of virtual activities which bring great convenience to society. In addition, the metaverse can facilitate digital twins, which offers transformative possibilities for the industry. Thus, the metaverse has attracted the attention of the industry, and a huge amount of capital is about to be invested. However, the development of the metaverse is still in its infancy and little research has been undertaken so far. We describe the development of the metaverse. Next, we introduce the architecture of the socially beneficial metaverse (SB-Metaverse) and we focus on the technologies that support the operation of SB-Metaverse. In addition, we also present the applications of SB-Metaverse. Finally, we discuss several challenges faced by SB-Metaverse which must be addressed in the future.