The Forced-to-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS) : A new attitudinal tool for assessing myths that surround female perpetrated sexual violence against men

Weare, Siobhan and Willmott, Dominic (2025) The Forced-to-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS) : A new attitudinal tool for assessing myths that surround female perpetrated sexual violence against men. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 43 (1). pp. 158-168. ISSN 0735-3936

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new measurement tool designed to capture endorsement of myths surrounding female perpetrated sexual violence against men, specifically in ‘forced-to-penetrate’ cases. Data were collected among a sample of 4152 UK adults aged 18–55+ (52% female). Dimensionality and construct validity of the Forced-to-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS) was investigated using traditional Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) techniques separately for the complete sample, males only, and females only. CFA results indicated that FTP-MAS scores are best captured by a three-factor model (1. Distorted Sex and Gender Roles; 2. Harm Minimisation; 3. Offence Denial) across all samples tested. Excellent composite reliability and differential predictive validity were observed for all three subscales. The validated 22-item FTP-MAS constitutes the first measurement tool which allows for the assessment and evaluation of public attitudes towards female perpetrators who force men to penetrate them without consent. As such, this tool enables researchers to better understand the multi-faceted nature of these myths, assess prevalence in different contexts, and can also be used as an outcome measure in research seeking to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that aim to debunk endorsement of such myths and stereotypes.