Unmasking the Ongoing Challenge of Equid Herpesvirus- 1 (EHV-1) : A Comprehensive Review

Afify, Ahmed F and Hassanien, Rabab T and El Naggar, Rania F and Rohaim, Mohammed A and Munir, Muhammad (2024) Unmasking the Ongoing Challenge of Equid Herpesvirus- 1 (EHV-1) : A Comprehensive Review. Microbial pathogenesis, 193: 106755. ISSN 0882-4010

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Abstract

Equid herpesviruses (EHVs) are a group of highly impactful viral pathogens that affect horses, presenting a substantial risk to the global equine industry. Among these, equid herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) primarily causes respiratory infections. However, its ability to spread to distant organs can lead to severe consequences such as abortion and neurological diseases. These viruses can enter a dormant phase, with minimal activity, and later reactivate to trigger active infections at any time. Recently, there has been a notable rise in the prevalence of a particularly devastating strains of EHV-1 known as equid herpesviral myeloencephalopathy (EHM). In the light of dynamic nature of EHV-1, this review provides a thorough overview of EHV-1 and explores how advances in viral biology affect the pathophysiology of viral infection. The information presented here is crucial for understanding the dynamics of EHV-1 infections and creating practical plans to stop the virus's global spread among equid populations.