The Cult Counternarrative : Power, Oppression, and Resistance in Contemporary American Post-/Apocalypses

Fielding-Redpath, Ellie and Tate, Andrew and Baker, Brian (2023) The Cult Counternarrative : Power, Oppression, and Resistance in Contemporary American Post-/Apocalypses. PhD thesis, Lancaster University.

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Abstract

Recognising the rise of fictional cult groups within contemporary post-/apocalyptic fictions, and considering both anticult discourses and academic scholarship that locate the “cult” as a threat to societal stability, this thesis locates the cult as a trope employed by future-thinking authors to create counternarratives to oppression – breaking down structures of hegemonic power through end-world events, and creating cult groups to facilitate societal critique through their positioning as microtopias (Edwards, 2009). This thesis explores North American hegemonic discourses, considering three key social identities: masculinity, race, and womanhood. It addresses the historical, religious, and political contexts that produce(d) the systemic regimes of oppression implemented by those in power upon marginalised peoples across the western world, and tackles issues of marginality, silencing, and abjection. Taking a cultural materialist approach, it engages with twentieth- and twenty-first century North American fictions; encompassing novels (Parable of the Sower (1993); Parable of the Talents (1998); The Leftovers (2012); The Power (2016); Gather the Daughters (2017); The Testaments (2018)), television series (The Leftovers (2014-2017)), films (Far Cry 5: Inside Eden’s Gate (2018)), and video games (Far Cry 5 (2018); Days Gone (2019); The Last of Us Part II (2020)), alongside social media, political, and religious engagement. Analysing the works of Gramsci (1999), Klein (2008), Harvey and Moten (2013), Tyler (2013), Solnit (2016, 2017), and DiTommaso (2020), this thesis emphasises how hegemonic bodies of power develop and maintain structures of oppression, marginalisation, and delegitimization, identifying marginal communities as potential sources of counter-hegemonic resistance and exemplifying the ways the hegemon endeavour to silence their resistive action. Ultimately, this thesis provides a framework for understanding the post-/apocalyptic genre as a space of totalising rupture; the perfect environment to challenge hegemonic structures within contemporary society, and develop future-thinking, counter-hegemonic spaces of resistance – revealing the prisons of hegemonic culture, and the methods by which such chains can be broken.