Ferrando, A. and Cardoso, R.C. and Farrell, M. and Luckcuck, M. and Papacchini, F. and Fisher, M. and Mascardi, V. (2022) Bridging the gap between single- and multi-model predictive runtime verification. Formal Methods in System Design, 59 (1-3). pp. 44-76.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
This paper presents an extension of the Predictive Runtime Verification (PRV) paradigm to consider multiple models of the System Under Analysis (SUA). We call this extension Multi-Model PRV. Typically, PRV attempts to predict the satisfaction or violation of a property based on a trace and a (single) formal model of the SUA. However, contemporary node- or component-based systems (e.g. robotic systems) may benefit from monitoring based on a model of each component. We show how a Multi-Model PRV approach can be applied in either a centralised or a compositional way (where the property is compositional), as best suits the SUA. Crucially, our approach is formalism-agnostic. We demonstrate our approach using an illustrative example of a Mars Curiosity rover simulation and evaluate our contribution via a prototype implementation.