Comprehensive Study of the CuF2 Conversion Reaction Mechanism in a Lithium Ion Battery

Hua, Xiao and Robert, Rosa and Du, Lin-Shu and Wiaderek, Kamila M. and Leskes, Michal and Chapman, Karena W. and Chupas, Peter J. and Grey, Clare P. (2014) Comprehensive Study of the CuF2 Conversion Reaction Mechanism in a Lithium Ion Battery. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118 (28). pp. 15169-15184. ISSN 1932-7447

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Abstract

Conversion materials for lithium ion batteries have recently attracted considerable attention due to their exceptional specific capacities. Some metal fluorides, such as CuF2, are promising candidates for cathode materials owing to their high operating potential, which stems from the high electronegativity of fluorine. However, the high ionicity of the metal–fluorine bond leads to a large band gap that renders these materials poor electronic conductors. Nanosizing the active material and embedding it within a conductive matrix such as carbon can greatly improve its electrochemical performance. In contrast to other fluorides, such as FeF2 and NiF2, good capacity retention has not, however, been achieved for CuF2. The reaction mechanisms that occur in the first and subsequent cycles and the reasons for the poor charge performance of CuF2 are studied in this paper via a variety of characterization methods. In situ pair distribution function analysis clearly shows CuF2 conversion in the first discharge. However, few structural changes are seen in the following charge and subsequent cycles. Cyclic voltammetry results, in combination with in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure and ex situ nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, indicate that Cu dissolution is associated with the consumption of the LiF phase, which occurs during the first charge via the formation of a Cu1+ intermediate. The dissolution process consequently prevents Cu and LiF from transforming back to CuF2. Such side reactions result in negligible capacity in subsequent cycles and make this material challenging to use in a rechargeable battery.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2500/2508
Subjects:
?? lithium-ion batteriesmetal fluoridescathode materialssurfaces, coatings and filmsgeneral energyphysical and theoretical chemistryelectronic, optical and magnetic materialsenergy(all) ??
ID Code:
171416
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
07 Jun 2022 13:35
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
16 Jul 2024 11:51