Are psychosocial interventions effective in reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy and motherhood? : A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Gomez, Katalin Ujhelyi and Goodwin, Laura and Jackson, Leanne and Jones, Andrew and Chisholm, Anna and Rose, Abigail K. (2021) Are psychosocial interventions effective in reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy and motherhood? : A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Addiction, 116 (7). pp. 1638-1663. ISSN 0965-2140

[thumbnail of Rose_et_al_Maternal_drinking_intervention_review_2020_Accepted_Pre_proof]
Text (Rose_et_al_Maternal_drinking_intervention_review_2020_Accepted_Pre_proof)
Rose_et_al_Maternal_drinking_intervention_review_2020_Accepted_Pre_proof.pdf - Accepted Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial.

Download (729kB)

Abstract

Background and Aims Alcohol use by pregnant and parenting women can have serious and long-lasting consequences for both the mother and offspring. We reviewed the evidence for psychosocial interventions to reduce maternal drinking. Design Literature searches of PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus identified randomised controlled trials of interventions with an aim of reduced drinking or abstinence in mothers or pregnant women. Setting Interventions were delivered in healthcare settings and homes. Participants Pregnant women and mothers with dependent children. Interventions Psychosocial interventions were compared with usual care or no intervention. Measurements The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials was used for quality assessments. Narrative synthesis summarised the findings of the studies with a subset of trials eligible for random-effects meta-analysis. General and alcohol-specific behaviour change techniques (BCTs) were identified to investigate potential mechanism of change. Results Twenty-four studies were included (20 pregnancy, four motherhood). Because of quality of reporting, data from only six pregnancy and four motherhood studies could be pooled. A significant treatment effect was revealed by the meta-analyses of pregnancy studies regarding abstinence (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.61, 3.32; P < 0.001) and motherhood studies regarding a reduction in drinking (standardised mean difference [SMD] = −0.20, 95% CI = −0.38, −0.02; P = 0.03). Narrative synthesis of the remaining trials yielded inconsistent results regarding intervention effectiveness. A wide range of BCTs were used, present in both effective and ineffective interventions. The most commonly used general and alcohol-specific BCTs included information about consequences, social support, goal setting and action planning. Conclusions In pregnant women identified as consuming alcohol, psychosocial interventions appear to increase abstinence rates compared with usual care or no intervention. Similarly, such interventions appear to lead to a reduction in alcohol consumption in mothers with dependent children. It is unclear that behaviour change techniques are contributing to these effects. Conclusions from randomised controlled trials are only meaningful if the behavioural outcome, population, setting, intervention and comparator are clearly reported. An important barrier when it comes to identifying effective behaviour change techniques is a widespread failure to provide enough information in study reports.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Addiction
Additional Information:
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ujhelyi Gomez, K., Goodwin, L., Jackson, L., Jones, A., Chisholm, A., and Rose, A. K. (2021) Are psychosocial interventions effective in reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy and motherhood? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction, 116: 1638– 1663. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15296 which has been published in final form at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.15296 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2738
Subjects:
?? psychiatry and mental healthmedicine (miscellaneous) ??
ID Code:
163546
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
16 Dec 2021 16:55
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
28 Nov 2023 11:38