Modelling the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine and immunoprophylaxis strategies in New Zealand

Prasad, N. and Read, J.M. and Jewell, C. and Waite, B. and Trenholme, A.A. and Huang, Q.S. and Grant, C.C. and Newbern, E.C. and Hogan, A.B. (2021) Modelling the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine and immunoprophylaxis strategies in New Zealand. Vaccine, 39 (31). pp. 4383-4390. ISSN 0264-410X

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Abstract

Background: Mathematical models of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) transmission can help describe seasonal epidemics and assess the impact of potential vaccines and immunoprophylaxis with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Methods: We developed a deterministic, compartmental model for RSV transmission, which was fitted to population-based RSV hospital surveillance data from Auckland, New Zealand. The model simulated the introduction of either a maternal vaccine or a seasonal mAb among infants aged less than 6 months and estimated the reduction in RSV hospitalizations for a range of effectiveness and coverage values. Results: The model accurately reproduced the annual seasonality of RSV epidemics in Auckland. We found that a maternal vaccine with effectiveness of 30–40% in the first 90 days and 15–20% for the next 90 days could reduce RSV hospitalizations by 18–24% in children younger than 3 months, by 11–14% in children aged 3–5 months, and by 2–3% in children aged 6–23 months. A seasonal infant mAb with 40–60% effectiveness for 150 days could reduce RSV hospitalizations by 30–43%, 34–48% and by 14–21% in children aged 0–2 months, 3–5 months and 6–23 months, respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that either a maternal RSV vaccine or mAb would effectively reduce RSV hospitalization disease burden in New Zealand. Overall, a seasonal mAb resulted in a larger disease prevention impact than a maternal vaccine.

Item Type:

Journal Article

Journal or Publication Title:

Vaccine

Additional Information:

This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Vaccine. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Vaccine, 39, 31, 2021 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.100

Uncontrolled Keywords:

/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2725

Subjects:

?? immunoprophylaxismaternal vaccinemathematical modellingrespiratory syncytial virusrsvinfectious diseasesmolecular medicinepublic health, environmental and occupational healthgeneral veterinarygeneral immunology and microbiologyveterinary(all)immunology an ??

Departments:

Faculty of Health and Medicine > Medicine

ID Code:

158473

Deposited By:

ep_importer_pure

Deposited On:

17 Aug 2021 08:20

Refereed?:

Yes

Published?:

Published