Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of an Intranasal Live-attenuated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2

Park, Jun-Gyu and Oladunni, Fatai S. and Rohaim, Mohammed A. and Whittingham-Dowd, Jayde and Tollitt, James and Hodges, Matthew D.J. and Fathallah, Nadin and Assas, Muhsref Bakri and Alhazmi, Wafaa and Almilaibary, Abdullah and Iqbal, Munir and Chang, Pengxiang and Escalona, Renee and Shivanna, Vinay and Torrelles, Jordi B. and Worthington, John J. and Jackson-Jones, Lucy H. and Martinez-Sobrido, Luis and Munir, Muhammad (2021) Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of an Intranasal Live-attenuated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2. iScience, 24 (9). ISSN 2589-0042

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Abstract

SUMMARY Global deployment of an effective and safe vaccine is necessary to curtail the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we evaluated a Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based vectored-vaccine in mice and hamsters for its immunogenicity, safety and protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. Intranasal administration of recombinant (r)NDV-S vaccine expressing spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 to mice induced high levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG2a antibodies and T cell-mediated immunity. Hamsters immunised with two doses of vaccine showed complete protection from lung infection, inflammation, and pathological lesions following SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Importantly, administration of two doses of intranasal rNDV-S vaccine significantly reduced the SARS-CoV-2 shedding in nasal turbinate and lungs in hamsters. Collectively, intranasal vaccination has the potential to control infection at the site of inoculation, which should prevent both clinical disease and virus transmission to halt the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
iScience
Subjects:
?? VACCINESSARS-COV-2COVID-19PANDEMICVIRAL INFECTIONIMMUNITY ??
ID Code:
158346
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
12 Aug 2021 12:30
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
21 Sep 2023 03:09