Development and Applications of Novel DGT Passive Samplers for Measuring 12 Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Natural Waters and Wastewaters

Fang, Z. and Li, Y. and Yang, D. and Zhang, H. and Jones, K.C. and Gu, C. and Luo, J. (2021) Development and Applications of Novel DGT Passive Samplers for Measuring 12 Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Natural Waters and Wastewaters. Environmental Science and Technology, 55 (14). pp. 9548-9556. ISSN 0013-936X

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Abstract

Extensive and long-term use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has caused their widespread distribution in aquatic systems. A new diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) passive sampling method based on weak anion exchanger (WAX) binding layer is developed here for monitoring five perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), five perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs) and two PFASs (6:2 FTSA and GenX) in waters. Performance of WAX-DGTs was independent of environmental conditions, namely pH (3.03-8.96), ionic strength (1-500 mM), and DOM content (4-30 mg L-1). Diffusion coefficients (D) of the 12 PFASs in the diffusive gels were measured, 9 for the first time. Linear correlations between D and perfluoroalkyl chain lengths (CF2) were established to obtain D for congener chemicals with the similar functional group and structure. The binding capacity of the WAX-DGT sampler was at least 440 μg PFASs per sampler, sufficient for applications in waters across a wide range of conditions and PFASs concentrations. Successful applications of WAX based DGT samplers in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and three rivers has demonstrated that DGT is a powerful tool for monitoring, surveillance and research of these 12 PFASs in aquatic systems, and can be extended to wider suites of PFs in future.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Environmental Science and Technology
Additional Information:
This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Environmental Science and Technology, copyright ©2021 American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.0c08092
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600
Subjects:
?? DGTNATURAL WATERSPER- AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCESWASTEWATERSION EXCHANGERSIONIC STRENGTHSEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTSDEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONSDIFFUSIVE GRADIENTS IN THIN FILMSENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONSPERFLUOROALKANESULFONICPERFLUOROALKYL CARBOXYLIC ACIDSPE ??
ID Code:
153956
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
19 Apr 2021 08:20
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
16 Sep 2023 02:18