Pragmatic noise in Shakespeare's plays

Culpeper, Jonathan and Oliver, Samuel (2020) Pragmatic noise in Shakespeare's plays. In: Voices past and present - Studies of involved, speech-related and spoken texts : In honor of Merja Kytö. Studies in Corpus Linguistics . John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam, pp. 12-29. ISBN 9789027207654

Text (Culpeper & Oliver, 2020, Pragmatic Noise in Shakespeare)
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Abstract

Pragmatic noise, first coined in Culpeper and Kytö (2010), refers to the semi–natural noises, such as ah, oh, and ha, that have evolved to express a range of pragmatic and discoursal functions. Taking advantage of the regularised spellings and grammatically tagged texts of the Enhanced Shakespearean Corpus (Culpeper 2019), this study considers the frequency, distribution and functions of pragmatic noise across Shakespeare’s plays and characters. It reveals and discusses, for example, the facts that: whilst particular types of pragmatic noise maintain a steady presence across all the plays, there is variation in token density; female characters have a much greater density of pragmatic noise tokens compared with male; and characters in the middle of the social hierarchy use pragmatic noise particularly often.