The exhumation of the Indo-Burman Ranges, Myanmar

Najman, Yani and Sobel, Ed and Millar, Ian and Stockli, Dan and Govin, Gwladys and Lisker, Frank and Garzanti, Eduardo and Limonta, Mara and Vezzoli, Giovanni and Copley, Alex and Szymanski, Eugene and Kahn, Alicia and Zhang, Peng (2020) The exhumation of the Indo-Burman Ranges, Myanmar. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 530: 115948. ISSN 0012-821X

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Abstract

The Indo-Burman Ranges (IBR) are a mountain range comprised of Mesozoic-Cenozoic rocks which run the length of Western Myanmar, extending into India and Bangladesh; to the west lies the Indian Ocean, and to the east lies the Central Myanmar Basin (CMB) along which the Irrawaddy River flows. The IBR are considered to be an accretionary prism, developed at the juncture of the Indian and Sunda plates, and a number of hypotheses have been proposed for their evolution. However, in order for these hypotheses to be evaluated, the timing of IBR evolution needs to be determined. We undertook a two-pronged approach to determining the timing of uplift of the IBR. (1) We present the first low-temperature thermochronological age elevation profiles of the IBR using ZFT, AFT and ZHe techniques. Our data show: a major period of exhumation occurred around the time of the Oligo-Miocene boundary; we tentatively suggest, subject to further verification, an additional period of exhumation at or before the late Eocene. (2) We carried out a detailed multi-technique provenance study of the sedimentary rocks of the IBR and Arakan Coastal region to their west, and compared data to coeval rocks of the CMB. We determined that during Eocene times, rocks of the CMB and IBR were derived from similar local provenance, that of the Myanmar arc to the east. Therefore at this time there was an open connection from arc to ocean. By contrast, by Miocene times, provenance diverged. Rocks of the CMB were deposited by a through-flowing Irrawaddy River, with detritus derived from its upland source region of the Mogok Metamorphic Belt and Cretaceous-Paleogene granites to the north. Such a provenance is not recorded in coeval rocks of the IBR, indicating that the IBR had uplifted by this time, providing a barrier to transport of material to the west. To the previously published list of viable proposals to explain the exhumation of the range, we add a new suggestion: the period of exhumation around the time of the Oligo-Miocene boundary could have been governed by a change to wedge dynamics instigated by a major increase in the thickness of the incoming Bengal Fan sediment pile.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
Additional Information:
This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume 530, 2020 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115948
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1901
Subjects:
?? indo-burman rangesage-elevation profileprovenancemyanmardetrital thermochronology and geochronologypalaeo-irrawaddyearth and planetary sciences (miscellaneous)geochemistry and petrologygeophysicsspace and planetary science ??
ID Code:
138550
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
26 Nov 2019 15:05
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
06 Sep 2024 00:33