Chaudhry, A.A. and Yan, H. and Gong, K. and Inam, F. and Viola, G. and Reece, M.J. and Goodall, J.B.M. and Ur Rehman, I. and McNeil-Watson, F.K. and Corbett, J.C.W. and Knowles, J.C. and Darr, J.A. (2011) High-strength nanograined and translucent hydroxyapatite monoliths via continuous hydrothermal synthesis and optimized spark plasma sintering. Acta Biomaterialia, 7 (2). pp. 791-799. ISSN 1742-7061
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The synthesis of high-strength, completely dense nanograined hydroxyapatite (bioceramic) monoliths is a challenge as high temperatures or long sintering times are often required. In this study, nanorods of hydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium-deficient HA (made using a novel continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis method) were consolidated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) up to full theoretical density in ∼5 min at temperatures up to 1000 °C. After significant optimization of the SPS heating and loading cycles, fully dense HA discs were obtained which were translucent, suggesting very high densities. Significantly high three-point flexural strength values for such materials (up to 158 MPa) were measured. Freeze-fracturing of disks followed by scanning electron microscopy investigation revealed selected samples possessed sub-200 nm sized grains and no visible pores, suggesting they were fully dense. © 2010 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.