Zhang, Quan and Thul, Matthias (2017) How Much is the Gap? : Efficient Overnight Jump Risk-Adjusted Valuation of Leveraged Certificates. Quantitative Finance, 17 (9). pp. 1387-1401. ISSN 1469-7688
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Abstract
This paper develops a novel and highly efficient numerical algorithm for the gap risk-adjusted valuation of leveraged certificates. The existing literature relies on Monte Carlo simulations, which are not fast enough to be used in a market making environment. This is because issuers need to compute thousands of price updates per second. By valuing leveraged certificates as multi-window barrier options, we explicitly model random jumps that occur at known times, such as between the exchange closing and re-opening. Our algorithm combines the one-day transition probability with Simpson’s numerical integration rule. This yields a backward induction scheme which requires a significantly coarser spatial and time grid than finite difference methods. We confirm its robustness and accuracy through Monte Carlo simulations.