Douglas, Timothy E.L. and Messersmith, Philip B. and Chasan, Safak and Mikos, Antonios G. and de Mulder, Eric L.W. and Dickson, Glenn and Schaubroeck, David and Balcaen, Lieve and Vanhaecke, Frank and Dubruel, Peter and Jansen, John A. and Leeuwenburgh, Sander C.G. (2012) Enzymatic Mineralization of Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering by Incorporation of Alkaline Phosphatase. Macromolecular Bioscience, 12 (8). pp. 1077-1089. ISSN 1616-5187
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an enzyme involved in mineralization of bone, is incorporated into three hydrogel biomaterials to induce their mineralization with calcium phosphate (CaP). These are collagen type I, a mussel-protein-inspired adhesive consisting of PEG substituted with catechol groups, cPEG, and the PEG/fumaric acid copolymer OPF. After incubation in Ca-GP solution, FTIR, EDS, SEM, XRD, SAED, ICP-OES, and von Kossa staining confirm CaP formation. The amount of mineral formed decreases in the order cPEG>collagen>OPF. The mineral:polymer ratio decreases in the order collagen>cPEG>OPF. Mineralization increases Young's modulus, most profoundly for cPEG. Such enzymatically mineralized hydrogel/CaP composites may find application as bone regeneration materials. Enzymatic mineralization of three hydrogel biomaterials with calcium phosphate (CaP) is achieved by functionalization with alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Characterization of the hydrogels collagen type I, cPEG, and OPF reveals different degrees of mineralization, suggesting the possibility of enhancing mineralization for bone tissue engineering by the choice of hydrogel.