An Inspection-Time Analysis of Figural Effects and Processing Direction in Syllogistic Reasoning.

Stupple, Edward J. N. and Ball, Linden J. (2005) An Inspection-Time Analysis of Figural Effects and Processing Direction in Syllogistic Reasoning. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Sheridan Printing, Alpha, New Jersey.

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Abstract

Two experiments are reported that tested core assumptions of the mental models theory of syllogistic inference (e.g., Johnson-Laird & Byrne, 1991) by examining inspection times for syllogistic components. Results supported mental models predictions of: (1) increased cognitive load across syllogistic figures, with differences in processing demand arising for BA-CB versus AB-BC problems for both conclusionevaluation and conclusion-production tasks; and (2) conclusion-order preferences across figures – again in both the evaluation and the production paradigms. These findings challenge views of figural biases as being confined to conclusion-production tasks (Geurts, 2003; Rips, 1994) and theories that reject the assumption of figure-induced cognitive load (Chater & Oaksford, 1999). Since figural effects are typically viewed as being indicative of premise-driven processing, these results are also inconsistent with proposals that premise-driven processing prevails in conclusionproduction, and conclusion-driven processing dominates in conclusion-evaluation (Morley, Evans, & Handley, 2004). The results also clarify the role of processing demands associated with conclusion validity: Valid conclusions were scrutinised less than invalid ones in the evaluation paradigm (as predicted by Hardman & Payne, 1995), supporting the notion that invalid syllogisms have at least two mental models. Although our specific results are not entirely consistent with recent models-based proposals, our basic findings remain broadly compatible with a models approach rather than alternative theoretical positions.

Item Type:
Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/libraryofcongress/bf
Subjects:
?? SYLLOGISTIC REASONINGFIGURAL EFFECTSPROCESSING DIRECTIONMENTAL MODELSSTRATEGIESINSPECTION TIMES.BF PSYCHOLOGY ??
ID Code:
11120
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
01 Aug 2008 10:45
Refereed?:
No
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
12 Sep 2023 01:00