Mesoclosures:increasing realism in mesocosm studies of ecosystem functioning

Lähteenmäki, Saija and Slade, Eleanor M. and Hardwick, Bess and Schiffler, Gustavo and Louzada, Julio and Barlow, Jos and Roslin, Tomas (2015) Mesoclosures:increasing realism in mesocosm studies of ecosystem functioning. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 6 (8). pp. 916-924. ISSN 2041-210X

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Abstract

Summary 1.Experimental studies linking community composition to functioning are typically confined to small and closed micro- or mesocosms. Such restricted conditions may affect both species’ biology and their environment. Yet, targeting simple features in the behaviour of species may circumvent these constraints. Focusing on ecological functions provided by dung beetles, we test whether large, open-top cages – MESOCLOSURES – will intercept the flight trajectories of beetles, thereby allowing manipulation of local community composition. 2.MESOCLOSURES were built in both tropical forest (Brazil) and temperate grasslands (Finland), thus testing their general efficiency. Within the respective environments, we varied different aspects of MESOCLOSURE design: in the tropical forest, we examined the impact of MESOCLOSURE dimensions on exclusion efficiency, whereas in the temperate grassland, we assessed the potential for selectively excluding and including community members by different mesh sizes. In the temperate environment, we also went from method to application, using MESOCLOSURES to relate community composition to functioning under two simulated grazing regimes. 3.MESOCLOSURES allowed efficient manipulation of dung beetle communities, maintaining dung beetle densities at intended levels in both temperate and tropical systems. In the tropics, the smallest cages (1 × 1 m) offered the highest contrast in beetle densities inside vs. outside of the fence, whereas the largest cages (9 × 9 m) offered the lowest. Nonetheless, densities inside cages never exceed one-fifth of those outside. At the temperate site, manipulations of community structure through mesh size yielded significant differences in functioning and suggested an interaction between small dung-dwelling species and large tunnelling species. Within cages, higher grazing was reflected in augmented dung removal. 4.We conclude that MESOCLOSURES can be effectively used to study dung beetle functions across habitats and latitudes. As applied insights, the present study adds resolution to the significance of different functional groups of dung beetles and shows that grazing pressure may have an important impact on the ecosystem functions that they provide. Overall, this study suggests that targeted manipulation of dispersal may offer new solutions for linking fauna to ecosystem functions with minimal impact on the processes measured.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1105
Subjects:
?? BIODIVERSITY-ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONINGDUNG BEETLESECOSYSTEM SERVICESENCLOSURESEXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONSFUNCTIONAL GROUPSGRAZING PRESSUREMESOCOSMSDUNG BEETLE DIVERSITYMICROCOSM EXPERIMENTSLIMITED RELEVANCETROPICAL FORESTCOMMUNITYECOLOGYBIODIVERSITYFIELDFRAGME ??
ID Code:
76112
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
21 Oct 2015 05:05
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
18 Sep 2023 00:55