Design and estimation in clinical trials with subpopulation selection

Chiu, Yi-Da and Koenig, Franz and Posch, Martin and Jaki, Thomas Friedrich (2018) Design and estimation in clinical trials with subpopulation selection. Statistics in Medicine, 37 (29). pp. 4335-4352. ISSN 0277-6715

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Abstract

Population heterogeneity is frequently observed among patients' treatment responses in clinical trials because of various factors such as clinical background, environmental, and genetic factors. Different subpopulations defined by those baseline factors can lead to differences in the benefit or safety profile of a therapeutic intervention. Ignoring heterogeneity between subpopulations can substantially impact on medical practice. One approach to address heterogeneity necessitates designs and analysis of clinical trials with subpopulation selection. Several types of designs have been proposed for different circumstances. In this work, we discuss a class of designs that allow selection of a predefined subgroup. Using the selection based on the maximum test statistics as the worst‐case scenario, we then investigate the precision and accuracy of the maximum likelihood estimator at the end of the study via simulations. We find that the required sample size is chiefly determined by the subgroup prevalence and show in simulations that the maximum likelihood estimator for these designs can be substantially biased.

Item Type:
Journal Article
Journal or Publication Title:
Statistics in Medicine
Uncontrolled Keywords:
/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2713
Subjects:
?? biasenrichment design maximum likelihood estimator prevalencesubgroup analysissubpopulation selectionepidemiologystatistics and probability ??
ID Code:
126407
Deposited By:
Deposited On:
08 Aug 2018 12:48
Refereed?:
Yes
Published?:
Published
Last Modified:
08 Mar 2024 00:48